Beschädigung der Wälzlager: Uhrsachen und vorgeschlagene Lösungen

PROBLEM / DAMAGE CAUSE REMEDY
Noise High pitched metallic noise Poor lubrication Improve lubrication
Clearance too small Correct clearance
Poor fitting Investigate mounting method and seating
Excessive load Examine shaft and housing tolerances for closing effect
Low pitched metallic noise Brinelled raceway surface Avoid shock loads
Regular noise Rust and damage Check and replace seals and relubricate
Flaking of raceway surface Improve lubrication and check fitting, clearance and fixing method.
Irregular noise Ingress of foreign matter Check and replace seals and relubricate
Excessive clearance Correct clearance
Damage and flaking of rolling element Reduce load and/or clearance
Variable noise Variable clearance due to temperature changes Check fits taking housing material and temperature into consideration
Damage to raceways Improve lubrication and check fitting, clearance and fitting method
Heavy vibration Flaking of raceway and rolling element Improve lubrication and check fitting, clearance and fitting method
Ingress of foreign matter

Check and replace seals and relubricate

Excessive load Correct clearance
Poor location Ensure abutment face and fitting diameter are perpendicular
Excessive heat generation Clearance too small Correct clearance
Poor location Ensure abutment face and fitting diameter are perpendicular
Excessive load Examine shaft and housing tolerances for closing effect
Poor lubrication Improve lubrication
Creep Maintain recommended shaft and housing fits
Lubrication failure Too much grease Use correct lubricant quantity
Ingress of foreign matter Check and replace seals and relubricate
Flaking Flaking on one side of entire raceway Excessive axial load by poor fitting or linear expansion Use clearance fit on non-rotating bearing outer ring
Flaking at rolling element pitch on raceways Raceways brinelled during fitting Careful fitting
Corrosion during down time Apply corrosion protective
Premature flaking of raceway and rolling element surfaces Excessive load

Check fitting

Correct clearance

Use correct lubricant quantity

Clearance too small

Poor lubrication
Poor fitting
Corrosion
Flaking across the raceway Poor fitting and eccentricity Fitting and centering with care
Shaft deflection Use bearing with larger internal clearance
Geometric inaccuracy of shaft and housing Shaft and abutments to be square
Flaking around raceway Poor housing accuracy Check geometric accuracy of housing bore
Indentations Indentations on raceway at rolling element pitch Shock loads during fitting or poor handling Handling with care
Excessive static load Check static load
Overrolling Ingress of foreign matter Ensure cleanliness of components and integrity of seals
Pick-up

Discolouration of raceway and rolling element surface

Softening of surface

Excessive load

Check fitting

Clearance too small

Correct clearance

Poor lubrication

Use correct lubricant quantity

Poor fitting Check fitting method
Electrical erosion Raceway eroded at regular intervals Arcing due to the bearing conducting electricity Ground the bearing, insulate the bearing
Fracture Raceway surface fracture Excessive shock loads Correct loading
High interference fit Proper fitting
Increase of flaking and softening; welding of inner ring to shaft Ensure correct geometry of shaft and housing
Corner fillet radii Correct fillet radii
Rolling element fracture Excessive shock loads Correct loading
Excessive internal clearance Check fitting and clearance
Cage fracture Tilting moments Fit with care
High speed impulse and high acceleration Ensure uniform rotation
Incorrect lubrication Check lubricant and lubrication method
Ingress of foreign matter in bearing Improve sealing
Skidding Scoring of raceway and rolling element surfaces Hard grease Use soft grease
High start-up acceleration Control acceleration
Abrasion Extreme abrasion of raceway, rolling element and cage Ingress of foreign matter

Improve sealing

Improve lubrication

Corrosion
Poor lubrication
Creep Loose fit Correct tolerances and fitting
Incorrectly fixed Correct fixing
False brinelling Vibration in non-rotating bearing

Insulate bearing from vibration

Use oil as lubricant

Apply preload

Small oscillations in application
Corrosion Rust inside bearing Poor storage Careful storage and handling
Condensation
Rust on fitting surface Fretting Increase interference fit
Fluctuating load Use oil as lubricant
Corrosion Ingress of acid, alkali or gas Check sealing
Chemical reaction with lubricant Use correct lubricant